Hydraulic valve



(No Model.) 6 Sheets'-Shee.t1.

H. AIKEN. I

HYDRAULIC VALVE. No. 465,232. Patented Deo. 15, 1891.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. AIKEN. HYDRAULIC VALVE.

110.465,232. Patented Deo.'15,1891.

(No Model.)y 6 sheets- Smet 3.'

A E. AIKEN. HYDRAULIC VALVE.

No. 465,232. Patented Deo. 15,1891.

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H. A'IKEN. HYDRAULIC VALVE.

No. 465,232. Patented-Dec. 15', 1891.

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Patented Dec. 15, 1.891.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 6.

H. AIKEN` HYDRAULIC VALVE.

No. 465,232. Patented Deo. l5, 189.1.

UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE. f

HENRY AIKEN, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 465,232, dated December 15, 1891. Application filed August 3l, 1891. l Serial No. 4041243. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

' Beit known that I, HENRY AIKEN, of Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ot' Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Hydraulic Valves, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speciiication, in which- Figure 1 is an end View of a series of my improved valves. Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line II II of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is avertical cross-section on the line III II'I of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows the three valves A, B, and C, the valve A being shown in end view, the valve Bin vertical section on the line IVB IVB of Fig. 3,

` and the valve C in vertical section on the line IVC IVC of Fig. 3. The figures on Sheets 5 and 6 representa modification of my improved valve, adapting it to be used in cases where there are tw'o water-supply connections t-o the motor to be controlled by a single valve.l In these figures I show the valve singly and not constructed to be nested with other like valves; but by suitable changes in location ot the passages it may be adapted to be nested. Fig. 5 is a vertical central section of the said modified form of valve. Fig. 6 is an end ele-A `vation thereof, showing the two ports which lead to the motors-t'. e., either to opposite ends of one double-acting cylinder or to the supply-ports of separate motor-cylinders. Fig. 7 is a horizontalsection on the line VII VII of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a vertical central section on the line VIII VIII of Figs. 5 and 7.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in`each.

With reference to the construction of the individual valves the invention consists in a valve comprising two connected cylindrical chambers having ports cast in the body of the valve-chamber and piston-valves controlling the ports; also, in such construction and relative arrangement of the ports and valves that each valve will act as a cut-oit for the other;

also, in the connection of the piston-valvesV with levers so arranged that the motion 0f one will actuate the other in the contrary direction; also, in the combination of two balanced piston-valves arranged, substantially as shown, with their ends exposed.

The apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 consists of a number of valves A B C, nested together and having supply and waste passages formedby the connection of such passages appertaining to the individual valves. Each valve has two parallel valve-chambers 2 3 and at right angles thereto two water-passages 4 5 for supply and exhaust, respectively. The supply and exhaust passages extend through the valve, and at their ends the valves are shaped with tongued or socketed portions, so that each may be nested into the next adjoining valve, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, and that when so nested the said passages shall register and form continuous channels. The valve-chambers are constituted by enlarged portions of the casing or shell of the valve and extend at right angles to the waste and supply passages and at the sides of the same. (See Fig. 3'.) The supply-passage 4 is connected by a branchwith an annular chamber, which communicates through a port 6 with the valvechamber 2. The exhaust passage 5 has a branch connecting it with an annular chamber, which communicates through a port 7 With the valve-chamber 3, and the valve-chambers 2 and 3 are connected by a passage 8, communicating with said chambers through ports 9 and 10. In each valve-chamber is a valve stem or plunger 11 11', having packing-rings 12, 13,

and l14, held in place by follower-rings 15 and low bushings 25, screwed into place, so that their inner ends shall form the outer lips of the ports. These are convenient, because they render the valve-chambers easily accessible in their iirst fitting and for purposes of repair.

In order to move the valve-plungers longitudinally Within their chambers, ,I employ double levers 19 and 20, pivoted at middle points 21 to the sides of the valve-chamber IOO with the ends of their4 arms bearing on the i exposed ends of the valve-plungers 11 11.

One of these levers 19 is provided with an operating-handle 22. When the parts of the valve are in the position shown in Fig. 3, the supply-passage 4 communicates through the port 6, valve-passage 18, and port 9 with the pipe 23, leading to the motor whichis controlled by the valve. `The exhaust-passage is covered by the passage 18 of the valve in the chamber 3, and is cut off thereby from communication with the pipe 23, while the port is covered by the passage 17 of said valve. lf'now it be desired to cut off the pipe 23 from communication with the supply without connecting it with vthe exhaust, the lever 22 is moved in the direction or" the arrow a into the position represented by Y the dotted line b, the effect of which is to cause the lever 19 to move the valve-plunger 11 inwardly until the packing 13 covers the port 6, thereby cutting off `the supply. The other end of said plunger, pushing on the lever 20, moves it on its pivot, and thereby causes it to push the plunger 11' in the opposite direction. In order to cut off the supply and to establish communication between the pipe 23 and the exhaust, the lever 22 is moved into the position indicated by the dotted line c, thereby moving the plunger l1 so that its passage 17 shall ifnclose the port 6 and that the port 9l shall be covered by the passage 1S and cut off thereby from communication with the port 6, while thev plunger 11' is simultaneously moved in the opposite direction, so that its passage 18 shall cover and connect both the port 7 and the port 10. The pipe 23 is thereby connected, through the port 9, passage 8, and porgts 10 and 7, with the exhaustpassage 5. The motions of the valves inboth directions are limited by means of stop portions 20 on one of the levers 19 and 20, adapted to engage with the valve-casing, as shown in Fig. 3.

When' the valves are nested together, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, they are connected by bolts 21, which also serve as pivots on which the levers 19 and 2O turn, and the joints between the several valves are sealed by interposed gaskets 24. The pipes for the supply and exhaust to and from the valves are connected therewith at the ends of the series. The supply-pipe may be connected therewith at one end and the exhaust-pipe at the other end. Therefore in making the valves one of the end valves A may be formed with the supply-passage extending entirely through it and the exhaust-passage not eX- tendingto its outer end, while in the other end valve C the supplypassage may terminate short of its end, while the exhaust-passage extends through and is adapted to be coupled to the exhaust-pipe.

The advantages of my invention will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. The individual valves are simple in construction, are adapted to be operated under high pressure of water, are perfectly balanced, and the ends of the pistons are exposed,sso that any leakage will. be outward and can easily be detected. The part-s are easilyaccessible, easy to put together and to take apart for repair. The group of nested valves affords distinct advantages. The several valves are separately constructed and can be separately repaired or renewed, while they possess all the advantages of conjoint valves in respect of compactnessin form and economy in the number and arrangement of the inlet and outlet water-passages.

The principle of construction of the valve shown on Sheets 5 and 6 is similar to'that above described. In these figures parts corresponding to parts in the other Iigures are indicated by the saine reference-gures disfl chamber 2' has, in addition to the packing-1 rings .12', 13', and 14', a fourth packing-ring 30, constituting, in addition to the passages 17 and 18', a third annular passage 3l. 4' is the supply-pipe which communicates with the chalnber 3' through an annular port 4". 5' is the exhaust-pipe, leading from an annular port of the chamber 2. 32 33 are the passages leading to the motor ormotors to be operated. These passages are connected with the valve-chamber and the valve-chambers are connected with each other in the fol-v lowing manner: 8 are two vertical passages, both of which are connected at their top and bottom portions with the annular passages 6', 7', 9', and 10', as clearly shown in Fig. 7, the one passage 8' having at its top the branch passage 34, leading to the annulary space l0', and at its bottom the branch passage 35, (shown in dotted lines,) leading to the annular space 9', while the other passage 8' communicates at its top by the passage 36 y with the space 6' and at its bottom by the passage 37 with the space .7', the passages 32 and 33 leading to the vertical passages S at about their middle portions.

The operation of the valve is as follows: Fig. 5 shows the valve stems or plungers in 4TOO IIO

such relative position that both the supply and exhaust passages 4' and 5' are closed.

34 to the pipe 32, and thence to one motor or one end of the single motor. At the same time the valve-stem of the valve 2' being raised, the annular passage 5 is put in communication with the passage 6' and by the branch 36 with the other motor or the opposite end of the single motor, thus allowing the waste water to escape. If, on the contrary, the lever 22 be moved so as to bring the packing-ring 13 above the passage 4", the water then flows to the annular passage 7', and thence by the branch 37 to the passage 8' and the pipe 33, leading to the other motor or the opposite end of the single motor,

while the kwaste water escapes through the pipe 32, passage S', branch 35, and annular passage 9. Thus it will be seen that 7 and 10 always serve as motive-fluid passages and 6' and 9 as waste-water passages.

It will thus be seen that with the valve shown in the last-described gures, as well as in the valve shown in Figs; 1, 2, 3, and 4, each valve-chamber acts as a cut-oft for the other. The difference between the two is mainly t-hat in the second described form each valvechamber is connected with a motor, and corresponding changes in form are made to accommodate the valve thereto. of apparatus are therefore generically the same, and both are included in the broad claims of this specification.

I claim- 1. A valve comprising two connected cylinders or chambers having ports communicating, respectively, with supply and exhaust passages, and a pipe connecting the motor with at least one of said chambers, a passage having ports connecting said chambers and affording a water-course from one to the other, and balanced piston-valves arranged in the chambers and adapted 'to control said ports and to be moved to open and close communication between the chambers, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. Avalve comprising two connected cylinders or chambers having ports communicating, respectively, with supply and exhaust passages, and a pipe connecting the motor with at least one of said chambers, a passage having ports connecting said chambers and affording a water-course from one to the other,

and balanced piston-valves arranged in the ,chambers and adapted tocontrol said. ports and to be moved to open and close communication between the chambers, one of said valves acting as a cut-oit for the other, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. Avalvecomprisingtwo cylinders orchambers 2 3, a passage 8, and ports 9 10, connecting them with each other and with the delivery-pipe from the valve, supply and exhaust passages communicating with said chambers The two forms ders orchambers having ports communicating, respectively, with supply and exhaust passages and one only of the chambers having a port leading to the motor to be operated, a passage having ports connecting said chambers and aording a watercourse from one to the other, balanced piston-valves arranged in thechambers and adapted to control said ports and to be moved to open and close com-4 munication between the chambers, and mechanism by which the valves are moved simultaneously, substantially as and for the purposes described. p

6. A valve comprising two connected cylinders or chambers having ports communicating, respectively,with supply and exhaust passages and one of'the chambers having a port leading to the motorto beoperated, apassage having ports connecting said chambers and afEordingawater-course from one to the other,

and balanced piston-valves arranged in the Witnesses:

JN0. B. SCOTT, NV. B. CORWIN. 

